Human developmental problem by oladokunsulaiman

human development problem- between productivity and freedom from poverty

Sometime the way things work in life are so interesting , sometime they are so funning too, sometime they are very hard to understand – everywhere on the surface of this planet human life has been preoccupied with production . History, through many ways has confirm that we live better than people of yesterday, at the same time history will justify that the value or quality in what we enjoy is less than yesterday – thus there are various means to measure this – from inflation , buying power, value of money , production quality, environmental degradation , depreciation.


In someplace, goods are very abundant to extend that more die of too much food than of too little. In other places people don’t even have to eat.
In someplace, where the population was once thought to press on the food supply, now the food is pressing relentlessly on the pollution.
In some places for many women and some men clothing has ceased to serve function of protection from exposure, and has become like plumage almost exclusively erotic. In other places, people don’t even have to wear.
This seems to be funny things in life, but they are not, without them, we can imagine how life would will have been so boring, without them, how can we practice love and experience the joy in love, without there will not be exploration – but they are made by the creator to test all of us to see who will be smart enough to know that everything belongs to God and once we are privilege to have we are expected to share – to take responsibility to bring things that stands apart into one and receive kudos from the master of the universe that we are the best. as the say" CULTURE IS THE A STUDY OF PERFECTION " without them , how can we achieve perfection?


Countries development profiling countries has nothing to do with level of culture, history or contribution to human kind’s heritage of civilization .the phrase developing countries means that the country has not yet cross threshold of to the modern, high technology with all associated advantages and evils and above all mentality. Categorization or profile of developing countries that give better guided to the bleak reality of personal poverty for citizen and straitening resources for government falls under:

Old and sophisticated civilization

per capital annual income with associated figures where investment to provide for essential increases needed for development is a third lower than national income, and a third of it has to be secured abroad and also where tax revenue are not enough.
Shortage of resources, either public or private for consumption of investment
Large percentage of population working in universally low productive agriculture
70 percent of export is still primary products
High import of expensive skill and machineries- sometime higher than developed countries.
Low school enrolment and literacy and high drop out from schools- a formidable force that supposes to build up for employment outside traditional, illiteracy and subsistent way of life.
High urban migration
High growth of population

Old and sophisticated civilization

It is not therefore difficult to understand the driving dedication in developing countries to get their people out of trap of poverty, more locked and complicated than any experience in early times- each obstruction tends to reinforced the next. Among the maze a web of obstacle race of developing nations which intensified and frustrate termination effort to break out of poverty are:


· Population and workforce explode ahead of industrialization

· Migrant pour into the cities

· Industry mostly under foreign direction and ownership

· Introducing modern skilled labor when unskilled labor is chiefly available

· Market overseas is blocked by the presence there of monsters efficiency-IBM, Mitsuis, Volkswagen- and by the tariff raised to keep out cheap labors intensive goods.

· Markets at home is remain limited by local poverty


However in developing as well as developed lands, all the pursuits and consequences of the only exits to poverty is GREATER PRODUCTIVITY the “MORE for LESS”-

Production remains central to our thought. There is no tendency to take it like sun and water for granted, unfortunately it remain the measure and quality of our civilization.


Production

Our preoccupation with production is in fact, the culminating consequence of powerful historical and psychological forces – forces which only by act of will we can hope to escape. Productivity has enabled us to avoid the tensions associated with inequality and inconvenient remedies.

It has become central to our striving to reduce insecurity whose importance is buttressed by:


Highly dubious but widely accepted psychology of want.
an equal dubious but equal accepted interpretation of national interest
Powerful vested self interest

Indeed, all embracing is our sense of importance of production as a goal that the first reaction to any question of this attitude will be: What else is there?

So large does production bulk in our thought that we can only suppose that a vacuum must remain if it should be relegated to a smaller role. Nothing better suggest the extent to which production is founded on tradition and social myths than the highly stylized attitude with which we approach it and in particular the traditional and highly irrational emphasis we accord to the different methods of expanding economic product.

Production the output of economic system – can in principle be increases in five different ways which are:


THE PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES THAT ARE AVAILABLE , IN PARTICULAR THE LABOUR AND CAPITAL(INCLUDING AVALIBLE RAW MATERIALS ), CAN BE MORE FULLY EMPLOYED- I.E IDLENESS CAN BE ELIMINATED
THIS RESOURCES CAN BE MORE EFFICEITLY EMPLOYED WITH TECHNICAL STATE OF THE ART ,.LABOUR AND CAPITAL CAN BE USED IN TH EPOST ADVANTAGIOUS COMBINATION ONE WIT HTHE OTHER, WHILE THE TWO CAN BE DISTRIBUTED WITH THE GREATEST ADVANTAGES, CONSUMER TASTE CONSIDERED BETWEEN THE PRODUCTION OF VARIOUS THINGS AND RENDERING OF VARIOUS SERVICES.
THE SUPPLY OF LABOUR CAN BE INCREASE
THE SUPPLY OF CAPITAL WHICH ALSO SERVE AS SUBTITUTE FIR LABOR CAN BE INCREASD
TECHNOLOGICAL INOVATION CAN IMPROVE THE STATE OF THE ART.AS A RESULT MORE OUTPUT CAN BE OBTAINED FROM A GIVEN SUPPY OF LABOR AND CAPITAL AND THE CAPITAL CAN BE OF BETTER QUALITY.

It should be clear that there is no reason that any of these methods of increasing production is more effective, a serious effort to increase output will emphasize all five. Yet it is truly remarkable that we concern ourselves seriously with only one of these methods of increasing output and give at the very most only passing attention to another two or three.

Under doctrine of conventional wisdom, there is no doubt that technology advancement is considered in multiplying products from the available resources. There gain are regularly view with extravagant pride- but we must understand that improvement in technology do not come by accident – they are result of investment in highly organized scientific engineering knowledge and skills- yet we do very little to increase volume with technology .

Production and environmental sensitivity


ALAS, we must forget that production has their impact on the environment- for example:


More productive agriculture bring as the familiar problems of fertilizer run-off and pesticides.
Industry put puts its effluents into the free goods of air and water whether the industrial areas of Damodar valley in India or Tokyo bay.
Urbanization concentrates all man’s wastes in unimaginable amounts weather we talk of New York or Paris or Bangkok
Beside this the we must also remember that the there is inadequacy and difficulties in purely economic calculation , environmental risks, the calculus between profit and loss in the broadest sense of economic, ecological and social accounting. And this is becoming more difficulty for everyone and latecomer to the technological revolution. The difficulties lie in:


The urgency behind the need for economic growth- pollution pressure and intense poverty
Ecological risk are different and possibly more damaging in a rapid expansion of output in farming because soils and climates are less benign in tropical regions and because far less is known about their structure and possible response.
The external diseconomies are subtly different- in many areas, particularly where industrialization lies mainly in the future, the purely physical pollution of overloaded airs and waters are not yet the most serious.
However universally, the external diseconomy which could come from driving blindly for economic growth without considering the social implication of employment, income distribution, internal migrations,, exploding cities are already immediate and potential catastrophic.

Challenge for class struggling nation - freedom from poverty

Fluctuating economic growth and national interest either reinforce or defeat each other developing face unique challenges in the order of:


· Economic development to satisfy their peoples, aspirations, particularly in immediate post colonial situation require effective political leadership and national identity

· All developed nations are plugged into the international circuits of a world economy which they did not create and of which they are still relatively powerless members- commanding only 25 percent of their resources for 75 percents of the planets population.

This being said, greater effort at growth, particularly with environmental safeguards further places them before dilemma to choose between:


· Seeking further involvement, further dependence so as to secure the desperately needed resources fast.

· Cutting off – like Japan in the 17 th century, Americans in the 18 th century, Russian and china in the 20 th century – And goes it alone risking thereby a worsening of their own people, precarious condition - And in fact postponing that ultimate balance between independent and interdependent which can be only final sane objective in our inescapably small and totally involved planetary existence.

Looking at these issues- from population pressure to modernization of agriculture, industrialization, the plight of the cities and the relationship between developing south of and developing north of our planet.we will see again and again that actions is possible, policies are available success is conceivable only in three conditions:


That all external diseconomies especially social and environmental are taken into consideration
That the effort to achieved effective and more balanced development is not defeated by the inability of all the world s nations, rich, poor together to mobilize sufficient capital for the task.
And finally, Good People remain the best resources human can have, and of course good leadership, we must learn how to leave our fate in the hands of those who care and those who will not sell us for peanuts or person gain. Those who understand why we exist, those who have gone round about the implication of what we need to survive and maintain the planet-those who believe in knowledge, those who believe in the power of sharing, and the power of togetherness. Those who believe in the doctrine of humor, the value of patience, value of understanding, those who believe in the power of making a good generation those who believe in one nation of Abraham. Above all, each person must change, and share with their loves one and such change will multiply into a whole.


Why don’t you say something on why many places find it hard to grow?

At national level do you think nations has been able to ask themselves these three questions everyday- :- 1-Have I help others?2-Have i been a true friend?3-Have i passed unto others the goods i have learnt?

do you think nations sink intopoverty because theyrefused to care for themselves and others , in another world they are selfish ?

what is your own suggestion as per solution to this and kill poverty onthis poverty ?

DOKUNSULAIMAN@yahoo.com